How Motorcycle's gear Transmissions Work

By: Prayag nao

Most all current motorcycles shift with a lever operated by your left foot. With the transmission in neutral, gears are selected by pressing down for first and then letting the lever return to the center position. Then, hooking your toe under the lever, pulling up for second gear. Third and all subsequent gears are selected by pulling up on the lever after allowing it to return to the center position. Sounds complicated but it is quite easy to do.

Motorcycle transmissions are made up of gears in constant mesh. Because of this, there are no syncros to speed up the gears. You don't need any. The gears are already spinning. To change between gears you need some kind of gear shifter mechanism to go along with that gear shift lever.

Gear shifters come in three different types.

Drum Shifters
Cam Plate and Shift Quadrant Shifter
Ball Lock Shifter

Now that you understand what's happening inside the transmission take another look at that first animation. Notice the 'pegs' on that gray gear? Those are called "dogs" for reasons not transmitted (ha, see what I did there?) the 'dogs' as shown in the picture (left) are a part of the driven gear just as shown in the animation. The holes are in the slider shown in the picture (right). When that slider is moved by the shift fork the holes slide over the dogs and the output shaft begins spinning.

If you're shifting properly, matching engine/transmission speeds and shift quickly those dogs can slip right into the slots no muss no fuss. If, however, you are a little lazy with a shift and take too long or don't put much pressure on the shift lever those dogs will just skitter over the top of the slots causing what many riders misinterpret as grinding 'gears'.

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